A pair of small glands located on top of each kidney that produce hormones essential for life, including cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone. They help regulate metabolism, blood pressure, and stress responses.
From Latin 'ad' meaning near and 'renes' meaning kidneys, literally meaning 'near the kidneys.' The term was coined in the 17th century when anatomists first described these glands' location relative to the kidneys.
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