A condition where the blood becomes too alkaline (basic), with pH above 7.45. Can be caused by excessive vomiting, certain medications, or hyperventilation, leading to muscle spasms and confusion.
From Arabic 'al qali' (plant ashes, which are alkaline) and Greek '-osis' (condition). The term developed alongside acidosis in the early 20th century as understanding of blood chemistry and acid-base physiology advanced.
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