The actual value or expression passed to a function or method when it is called, filling in the parameters defined in the function. Arguments provide the specific data that the function will work with during execution.
From Latin 'argumentum' meaning evidence or proof presented in reasoning. Mathematical and logical contexts used it to describe values that support or specify a proposition. Programming adopted the term in the 1950s to describe actual values passed to functions, distinguishing them from the parameter placeholders.
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