A mathematical model for pricing European-style options, developed by Fischer Black, Myron Scholes, and Robert Merton in the early 1970s. The model uses factors like stock price, strike price, time to expiration, risk-free rate, and volatility to calculate theoretical option values.
Named after Fischer Black and Myron Scholes, who published the groundbreaking paper in 1973, with Robert Merton providing mathematical foundations. The model revolutionized derivatives trading by providing the first complete mathematical framework for option pricing, earning Scholes and Merton the 1997 Nobel Prize.
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