A design pattern that encapsulates requests as objects, allowing you to parameterize clients with different requests, queue operations, log requests, and support undo functionality. It decouples the object that invokes the operation from the one that performs it.
Named after military command structures where orders are issued without the commander knowing implementation details, formalized in the Gang of Four book (1994). The pattern emerged from GUI development needs for undo/redo functionality and macro recording.
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