The error of assuming that specific conditions are more probable than general ones when the specific is a subset of the general. People incorrectly judge the probability of two events occurring together as higher than the probability of one of them occurring alone.
Identified by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman in the 1980s, the term combines 'conjunction' from Latin conjungere (to join together) with 'fallacy.' Their famous 'Linda the bank teller' experiment demonstrated how representativeness heuristics override basic probability rules.
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