Foreclosure

/fɔrˈkloʊʒər/ noun

The legal process by which a lender seizes and sells mortgaged property when the borrower fails to make required payments, used to recover the outstanding loan balance.

From Old French 'forclos' meaning 'excluded' or 'shut out,' literally 'outside the enclosure.' The term evolved from medieval property law where defaulting borrowers were 'foreclosed' from reclaiming their property rights.

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