The department and function within an organization responsible for managing employee-related activities including recruitment, training, compensation, benefits, and workplace policies. It focuses on maximizing employee performance and organizational effectiveness.
The term evolved from 'personnel management' in the 1960s, reflecting a shift from viewing workers as costs to seeing them as valuable assets. 'Resource' comes from Old French 'resourse' (to rise again), suggesting humans as renewable sources of value and capability.
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