As a noun, a project is a planned piece of work with a specific goal and time frame. As a verb, to project can mean to throw or send something forward, or to estimate something for the future, like sales or growth.
From Latin *proiectum* 'something thrown forth', from *proicere* 'to throw forward' (*pro-* 'forward' + *iacere* 'to throw'). The idea of 'throwing forward' turned into planning and estimating ahead.
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