An Arab chief, ruler, or commander, especially a Muslim prince or military leader with authority over a region or tribe.
From Arabic 'amīr' (commander, prince), derived from the root 'a-m-r' (to command). English borrowed this through interactions with Middle Eastern and North African cultures from the medieval period onward.
Ameer, emir, and 'amir' are the same word spelled different ways—this shows how English speakers struggled to write Arabic sounds before standardized transliteration rules were created.
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