A break or interruption in a sentence's grammatical structure, where the construction suddenly shifts or doesn't follow the expected pattern.
From Greek 'anacoluthos' (not following), derived from 'ana-' (not) + 'akolouthos' (following); a rhetorical term for deliberate or accidental grammatical inconsistency.
The opening of Charles Dickens' 'A Tale of Two Cities'—'It was the best of times, it was the worst of times...'—uses an anacoluthon effect by repeating a structure but switching its meaning, creating beautiful disorientation!
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