A reversal or backward movement of peristalsis, the muscular contractions that normally move food through the digestive system.
From Greek ana- (back, reverse) + stalsis (from stellein, to send or place). The term was coined in physiology to describe abnormal digestive tract movement.
When your stomach decides to reverse its usual direction, it's actually a protective response—your body is literally backing up to expel something harmful, which is why vomiting, while unpleasant, is your body's emergency eject button!
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