A small fish of the herring family found in South American waters, especially off Peru, and used for fish meal and oil.
From Spanish 'anchoveta,' a diminutive of 'anchova' (anchovy). The word reflects Spanish colonial naming of New World fish species found in the Pacific.
The tiny anchoveta is one of the world's largest fishing industries—Peru alone catches millions of tons annually, making it more economically important than most people realize.
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