Relating to or affected by an aneurysm, which is a bulge or weakening in an artery wall that can burst and cause dangerous bleeding.
From aneurysm (from Greek ana- 'up' + eurynein 'to widen') plus the adjective suffix -al. This is the modern standard spelling, replacing the older 'aneurismal.'
Aneurysmal bone cysts are a perfect example of how medical terminology can be confusing—they're not actually cysts and have nothing to do with aneurysms in blood vessels, but doctors named them that because of how they look on X-rays!
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