A person who studies English language, culture, or literature, or who advocates for English influence.
From 'Anglo-' (English) plus -ist (a person who practices or specializes in something), emerging in the 19th century as academic specialization grew.
Anglicists are scholars who dedicate their lives to studying English, similar to how 'specialist' or 'pianist' works—the -ist suffix turns a subject into a person who does that!
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