Opposition to turnpikes (toll roads) or the principles and systems of toll road operation.
From anti- (against) + turnpike (a toll road, from Middle English turnen, to turn + pike, a barrier) + -ism (system or practice). This 19th-century political term reflects debates over toll roads.
Antiturnpikeism was a genuine political movement in 1800s America—rural farmers hated paying tolls on roads they thought should be free, leading to violent 'turnpike riots' in Pennsylvania and New York.
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