A copy of a text or document made by someone other than the original author.
From Greek apo- (from, away) + -graph (something written). The term emerged in scholarly and manuscript studies to distinguish copies from original works.
Before printing presses, everything had to be hand-copied, and historians use this word to track how a single original text spawned dozens of 'apographs'—each introducing tiny changes like a game of telephone in writing.
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