An ancient unit of measurement for grain and dry goods, used in Egypt and the Middle East, equivalent to roughly 40 liters or a bushel.
From Arabic ardabb, derived from Persian ardab, with roots in ancient Mesopotamian and Egyptian trade systems where standardized grain measurements were essential for commerce and taxation.
The ardeb was how ancient Egyptians measured grain for taxes and trade along the Nile—the same word and concept spread across the Islamic world because it worked so perfectly that nobody bothered inventing something new.
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