Plural of arquebus; multiple early portable firearms used in the 15th-17th centuries.
From arquebus + -es (plural suffix). The plural form appears frequently in military histories and period accounts of battle tactics from the Renaissance and early modern period.
Armies with arquebuses defeated armies with swords and pikes not because individual arquebusiers were better fighters, but because a disciplined regiment of them could pour volley fire that no shield wall could withstand—it's the original example of technology democratizing warfare.
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