The medical study of arteries and their diseases, including their structure, function, and pathology.
From 'artery' (Latin 'arteria') + Greek '-logia' (study of). The term developed in the 19th century as doctors needed a specific word for the branch of anatomy and medicine focusing on arterial systems.
Arteriology became crucial in the 20th century when doctors discovered that understanding how arteries work was key to treating heart disease and stroke, which are among the leading causes of death worldwide.
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