Plural form; hardening and thickening of the walls of small arteries (arterioles), often from disease or aging.
From 'arteriole' + Greek 'skleros' (hard) + '-osis' (condition). This technical term combines multiple parts to describe the hardening that happens in the smallest arteries, plural form developed in medical terminology.
Arteriosclerosis of the arterioles is particularly dangerous in the kidneys and eyes because these organs have millions of tiny arterioles doing precise work, and when they harden, blindness or kidney failure can result.
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