The capital and largest city of Greece, historically significant as the birthplace of democracy and Western philosophy. An ancient city-state that was the center of arts, learning, and philosophy in classical antiquity.
From Greek 'Athenai,' named after the goddess Athena who was said to be the city's patron deity. The name may derive from a pre-Greek substrate language, with the goddess name being a later Greek adaptation of an older place name.
Athens gave us not just democracy, but the very concept of citizenship as we understand it today - though ironically, their version excluded women, slaves, and foreigners from participation. The city's golden age lasted only about 50 years, yet its intellectual legacy shaped Western civilization for millennia.
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