Describing a word that applies to itself; for example, the word 'short' is autological because the word itself is short.
From Greek 'autos' (self) + 'logos' (word). This philosophical linguistics term became famous through Bertrand Russell's paradoxes about self-reference.
The word 'polysyllabic' is autological (it has many syllables), but 'monosyllabic' is heterological (it doesn't describe itself)—it's a fun logical puzzle that reveals how language talks about itself.
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