The breakdown or dissolution of the axon caused by degeneration or disease affecting the fatty nerve covering.
From Greek 'axon' (axis) + 'lipo' (fat/lipid) + '-ia' (condition), literally meaning 'loss of axon fat' or 'axon-fat breakdown.'
Axons are wrapped in fatty myelin sheaths to speed up signal transmission—when those fats break down, it's like losing the insulation on electrical wiring, and your nerve signals grind to a halt.
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