Past tense of begulf; swallowed or engulfed by something, especially in a poetic or archaic sense.
From be- + gulf + -ed. Gulf comes from Italian golfo, from Greek kolpos meaning 'bosom' or 'bay.' The be- prefix makes it mean 'to engulf' or 'to surround completely.'
This is essentially a poetic variant of 'engulf'—notice how 'engulf' is a Norman French word (en- + gulf) while 'begulf' is the Anglo-Saxon way of saying the same thing (be- + gulf), showing how English preserved multiple word-formation patterns from its different historical layers.
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