Past tense of beget in archaic or poetic usage; to father or cause to come into existence.
Old English begetan, from be- (around, about) + getan (to get, obtain). The word originally meant 'to get' or 'obtain' but evolved to mean 'to father' or 'procreate' in Middle English.
Beget and begat/begot are so old that they've survived in English for over a thousand years mostly through religious texts—the King James Bible's 'begat' made the genealogies in Genesis unforgettable, which is why the word never really died.
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