A chemical reaction in which a benzoyl group is added to a molecule, commonly used to protect or modify functional groups.
'Benzoylate' plus '-tion' noun suffix. Benzoylation emerged as a standard synthetic technique in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Benzoylation is one of chemistry's most useful 'tricks'—a team might benzoylate a molecule to protect a sensitive part during synthesis, then later remove the benzoyl group to reveal the final product, and it's so reliable that chemists have been using the same reaction for over a hundred years.
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