A rare congenital condition where part of the eyelid is missing or incompletely formed, creating a gap or notch in the eyelid margin.
From Greek 'blepharon' (eyelid) + 'koloboma' (from 'koloboun', meaning to curtail or amputate). Colobomas are congenital tissue defects first systematically described in the 19th century, with the eyelid being one possible location.
Colobomas are birth defects that happen when tissues don't fully develop during fetal life, and when they affect the eyelid, they can leave a visible notch that looks like someone took scissors to it — usually this is just a cosmetic issue, but sometimes it affects eyelid function and protection.
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