Turned upside down or overturned, especially said of a boat, ship, or vessel.
From Spanish 'capuzar' or Portuguese 'capoizar' (to turn over), possibly from 'capo' (head/chief) plus 'size.' The exact origin is debated, but it entered English in the 1700s during maritime expansion.
Ships capsized due to 'free surface effect'—when liquid cargo shifts during a turn, it moves the ship's center of gravity sideways, which can cause a stable vessel to suddenly flip like a pancake, which is why sailors load cargo very carefully.
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