Relating to both the heart and the arteries, particularly their connections and interactions.
From cardio- (Greek kardia, 'heart') + arterial (from Latin arteria, originally meaning a tube or vessel, derived from aer- meaning 'air' because ancients thought arteries carried air). Compound term from medical terminology.
Ancient Greeks thought arteries carried air rather than blood, which is why the word 'artery' comes from 'aer' (air)—they were wrong about the contents but right about the tubes being essential!
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