Definition
An archaic or dialectal past participle of 'cast'; used in older English to mean thrown, discarded, or shaped in a mold.
Etymology
From Old English 'castan' (to throw), with '-en' forming the past participle. This archaic form reflects earlier English morphology before modern regularization standardized past participles to '-ed'.
Kelly Says
Words like 'casten' show how English was once a language of wild grammatical variety—every verb could make its own past tense rules. Modern English chose standardization, making 'cast-cast' the simple way, but Middle English had versions like this everywhere!
Translations
BNবাংলা
দণ্ডিত করা
dan-dit kor-a
CACatalà
castigar
kas-tee-gar
CSČeština
trestat
tre-stat
DEDeutsch
bestrafen
be-shta-fen
ELΕλληνικά
τιμωρία
tim-o-ree-ah
ESEspañol
castigar
kas-tee-gar
FISuomi
rangaista
ran-gai-sta
FRFrançais
châtier
sha-tee-ay
HIहिन्दी
दंडित करना
dan-dit karna
IDBahasa Indonesia
menghukum
men-goo-kum
ITItaliano
punire
poo-nee-reh
MSBahasa Melayu
hukum
hoo-kum
NLNederlands
bestraffen
bes-traf-fen
PLPolski
karzeć
kar-zetch
PTPortuguês
castigar
kas-tee-gar
RORomână
pedepsi
pe-de-psi
RUРусский
наказывать
nakazivat'
SVSvenska
straffa
straf-fa
SWKiswahili
adhabu
a-dha-bu
TAதமிழ்
தண்டனை
dan-dan-ai
TLTL
parusahan
pa-ru-sa-han
TRTürkçe
cezalandırmak
cheh-zah-lan-dir-mak
UKУкраїнська
карати
kara-tyi
VITiếng Việt
trừng phạt
trung phạt