A person or unit connected with the number one hundred, historically referring to a military commander of a centena (100 soldiers) or a person who is 100 years old.
From Spanish/Latin 'centenarius,' derived from 'centum' (hundred). In Roman military context, a 'centenarius' was an officer commanding 100 troops, parallel to the English 'centurion.'
The centenar role is basically the ancestor of the modern military rank system—the Romans figured out that you needed officers at every level of numerical organization, and that basic insight still structures every military worldwide.
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