A family of fish characterized by spiny or armor-plated heads, part of the broader group of unusual prehistoric fish.
From Greek 'kephale' (head) + 'akantha' (thorn or spine) + '-idae' (taxonomic family suffix). The name literally describes these fish's defining feature: spiky-headed characteristics.
These ancient fish were evolution's experiment in head armor—some versions looked like they were wearing medieval helmets, representing a completely different strategy for surviving prehistoric oceans than modern fish use.
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