To make Chilean in character, culture, or ownership; to bring under Chilean control or influence.
From 'Chilean' + '-ize' (a verb-forming suffix meaning to make or cause to become). The '-ize' suffix comes from Greek '-izein,' commonly used in English to create verbs from adjectives and nouns.
During Chile's 20th-century leftist governments, 'chileanize' became politically charged—it meant taking foreign-owned industries (especially copper mines) into Chilean hands, making it a word loaded with nationalist pride or Cold War anxiety depending on who used it.
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