Plural of chilli; hot peppers used in cooking, or the spicy stew made with meat and peppers.
From Nahuatl (Aztec) chilli via Spanish chili; entered English through Spanish conquest and colonization of Mexico and the New World.
The word 'chilli' traveled from Aztec Mexico to Spanish conquistadors to English traders—it's literally a perfect example of how food words spread along with global trade and colonization.
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