The surgical removal of the gallbladder, most commonly performed to treat gallstones, inflammation, or cancer. It's now predominantly done laparoscopically, making it one of the most frequently performed minimally invasive procedures.
From Greek 'chole' (bile), 'kystis' (bladder or sac), and 'ektome' (excision), literally meaning 'bile bladder removal.' The first cholecystectomy was performed in 1882, but laparoscopic techniques revolutionized the procedure in the late 20th century.
Cholecystectomy is so routine now that it's often called 'lap choly' in medical slang, and patients frequently go home the same day! The gallbladder stores bile like a small green balloon, but once removed, the liver adapts by releasing bile directly into the intestines, proving how remarkably adaptable our digestive system is.
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