An archaic term for a chemist or alchemist; a person who studies or practices chemistry or alchemy (obsolete spelling of 'chemist').
From 'chymia' (chemistry/alchemy) + '-ist' (practitioner). This older spelling of 'chemist' preserves the Arabic-derived spelling from when alchemy dominated and the field was still finding its scientific footing.
A chymist in the 1600s was part scholar, part wizard, part experimenter—mixing substances, heating metals, distilling liquids, and genuinely trying to transform matter, not knowing they were accidentally developing the scientific method and real chemistry in the process.
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