An internal mental representation of the spatial layout of an environment, used for navigation and spatial decision-making.
From Latin 'cognitio' (knowledge) + Old English 'mappa' (map). A mental map built from knowledge. Concept from Edward Tolman (1948).
A cognitive map is your brain's internal GPS — Tolman showed that even rats build mental maps of mazes, and you use yours every time you navigate without looking at your phone!
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