As an adjective, “collective” describes something done by a group acting together, rather than by individuals alone. As a noun, it can mean a group that shares work, ownership, or decision‑making.
It comes from Latin “collectivus,” meaning “gathered together,” from “colligere” (to collect). The sense of shared or group action developed from the idea of things being held in common.
“Collective” thinking or action treats the group almost like a single organism with its own mind. From worker collectives to collective memory, the word captures how humans constantly pool their efforts and experiences.
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