A surgical procedure that creates an opening through the vagina into the uterus.
From Greek 'kolpos' (vagina) + 'hystera' (uterus) + 'tome' (cut). This surgical term emerged in the 19th century as physicians developed new approaches to gynecological surgery.
Before modern ultrasound and imaging, surgeons had to be creative about accessing internal organs—this procedure represented a way to reach the uterus without making an abdominal incision, showing how anatomy influenced surgical technique.
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