A liquid or substance used to remove heat from engines, machines, or systems to keep them from overheating and breaking down.
From 'cool' (Old English 'col') + the agent suffix '-ant' (from Latin '-ans'). This is a modern coinage from the early 20th century as engines became common.
Coolant is one of those invisible heroes of technology—your car's engine would literally melt itself in minutes without it, and antifreeze coolant has to be bright colors (toxic green, orange, or pink) so people don't accidentally drink it!
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