The presence of small rib-like ridges or grooves on a surface, or the pattern formed by such ridges.
From Latin 'costula' (small rib) plus the suffix '-ation' (process or condition). This term emerged in scientific nomenclature to precisely describe surface textures in botanical and zoological specimens.
Costulation is invisible to the naked eye but visible under a magnifying glass—scientists studying tiny organisms use this term constantly to describe the delicate ribbed patterns on seeds, shells, and carapaces.
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