The scientific measurement and study of skull shape, size, and proportions, typically to understand human variation and anatomy.
From cranio- (Greek kranion, skull) + -metry (Greek metron, measure). Developed as a systematic practice in 19th-century anthropology and medicine.
Craniometry was one of the first ways humans tried to quantify differences between people, but it shows how the same measurement tool can be used responsibly in anatomy or irresponsibly to justify discrimination.
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