A person or device that removes the beaks of birds, or the heated blade tool used for this purpose in poultry farming.
From debeak (to remove beaks) plus the agent noun suffix -er, which creates 'one who does X' or 'a thing that does X.' This is a classic English word formation pattern.
The debeaker represents a specialized tool in industrial farming—it's the kind of word that only exists because of mass poultry production, making it a linguistic fossil of 20th-century agricultural revolution.
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