The removal of sulfur or sulfur compounds from materials like petroleum, coal, or metals to reduce pollution and improve quality.
From 'de-' (remove) plus 'sulphuration' (the process of combining with sulfur). This noun form became standardized in industrial and environmental chemistry during the mid-20th century.
The desulfurization of gasoline is why your car's exhaust smells less like rotten eggs than it did 50 years ago—it's a direct result of regulations requiring cleaner fuel.
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