In a way that relates to the study of dialects and how they differ across regions and groups.
From dialectological (adjective) + -ally (adverb suffix). Dialectological comes from dialectology, which combines Greek dialektos (conversation, dialect) and -logia (study of). The -al suffix makes it an adjective, and -ly converts it to an adverb.
This word is basically how scientists talk about their work when studying why people from different towns say 'soda' versus 'pop' or 'coke'—it's the fancy way linguists describe their methodology when investigating regional speech patterns.
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