The quality or capacity of being able to expand, stretch, or increase in size.
From dilatable + -ity (noun suffix forming abstract nouns). Dilate comes from Latin dilatare (to spread out), from di- (apart) + latus (wide). The -ity suffix creates an abstract noun expressing capability.
In physiology, dilatability is crucial—your blood vessels need dilatability to regulate blood pressure, and your pupils' dilatability lets your eyes adjust to different light levels automatically.
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