The state of being disheveled; a messy or disorganized appearance or condition.
From 'dishevel' plus the suffix '-ment' (indicating state or condition). The word emerged in English to describe both the action of disheveling and the resulting untidy state, following the standard noun-forming pattern.
Victorian novelists loved the word 'dishevelment' because it could suggest both physical messiness and moral disorder—if a character's hair was in dishevelment, readers understood that their morals might be too.
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