An archaic spelling variant of 'disputation,' meaning formal argument, debate, or the process of arguing.
Middle English form with the Old French suffix -isoun (later -ition), from Latin disputatio. The -oun ending reflects Old French influence on Middle English spelling before -tion standardized.
This archaic spelling shows English's chaotic medieval period when French and Latin endings competed—'disputisoun' gradually became 'disputation' as printers and scholars standardized spelling toward Latinate forms.
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