The capital city of Indonesia, located on the island of Java, formerly known as Batavia during Dutch colonial rule.
From Sundanese 'Jayakarta' meaning 'victorious fortress' ('jaya' = victory, 'karta' = fortress). The Dutch called it Batavia (from the Latin name of the Netherlands). After Indonesian independence in 1945, the city was renamed Djakarta, reflecting Indonesian spelling conventions of that era.
Jakarta's three names—Jayakarta, Batavia, and Jakarta—tell the story of Indonesia's transformation from a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom to a Dutch colony to an independent nation! The spelling 'Djakarta' with a 'Dj' represents how Indonesian and Dutch combined their letter systems, and modern Indonesian spelling has simplified it to just 'Jakarta.'
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